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Cowpea belongs to the family Leguminoseae. It is a twining annual herbaceous plant. The stem is slightly ridged and glabrous. The leaves are trifoliate and alternate.Pods are long and cylindrical.
Cowpea can be grown throughout the year under Kerala conditions. It can be grown as a floor crop in coconut gardens and as an intercrop in tapioca during May-Sept. It can be grown as a pure crop in single-crop and double-crop rice fallows during rabi and summer seasons. Cowpea can be grown in homestead garden throughout the year and in kole lands of Thrissur district during summer where rice crop cannot be raised due to water scarcity.
Cowpea can be grown during any season. As a rainfed crop, sowing is done in the month of June. The most suitable time is after the first week of June. During the second crop season (rabi), i.e., September to December, cowpea can be grown as a fringe crop along the rice field bunds. Sowing can be done on either side of bunds on the day of transplanting the paddy crop. During summer, cowpea can be grown as a pure crop in rice fallows after the harvest of paddy.
