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Gram is the most important pulse of India occupying an area of 7.87 million hectares with production of 5.83 million tons. Though the average yield has been only 741 kg per hectare.
Gram is generally grown under rainfed conditions but gives good results in irrigated conditions as well. It is best suited to areas having moderate rainfall of 60-90 centimeter per annum. For Gram winter season is the main growing season in India; but severe cold and frost are injurious to it. Gram is grown on a wide range of soils of India. The best type of soil is well drained and not too heavy. The soil chosen for its cultivation should be free from excessive soluble salts and near neutral pH. It is not suited to soils having a pH higher than 8.5.
